Crushing silica in the presence of water (Cataclasis) generates hydrogen. 

  • Crushing silica in the presence of water. (Si + H2O = SiO2 + H2).

  • This occurs in active fault zone, deep in the subsurface.

  • Can be observed when drilling through rock and has been considered as an energy source in space (rocky planets)

  • Studies (sponsored by Total Energy) demonstrate this process while comparing drilled vs. hammered soil gas sampling techniques

  • It can lead to incorrect identification of large natural hydrogen resources

Left: Hammered tube: No H2
Right: Drilled hole: up to 3% H2

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Anaerobic digestion

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Degassing of the core of the earth